turpis

turpis, e, adj. [Sanscr. root tarp-, to be ashamed], ugly, unsightly, unseemly, foul, filthy (class.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense; syn.: taeter, foedus, deformis, obscaenus, immundus).

I.

Lit.:

aspectus deformis atque turpis,

Cic. Off. 1, 35, 126; Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 125:

ornatus,

id. ib. 1, 2, 94; cf.

infra, II.: vestitus,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 57:

colores foedā specie,

Lucr. 2, 421:

pes,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 102:

podex,

id. Epod. 8, 5:

rana,

id. ib. 5, 19:

pecus,

id. S. 1, 3, 100:

viri morbo,

deformed, disfigured, id. C. 1, 37, 9:

macies,

id. ib. 3, 27, 53:

scabies,

Verg. G. 3, 441:

podagrae,

id. ib. 3, 299:

udo membra flmo,

i. e. befouled, id. A. 5, 358; cf.

toral,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 22; Mart. 7, 36, 5; 8, 79, 2.— Sup.: simia quam similis turpissima bestia nobis, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 35, 97 (Sat. v. 45 Vahl.)—

II.

Transf., of sound, disagreeable, cacophonous:

si etiam abfugit turpe visum est,

Cic. Or. 47, 158.—

III.

Trop., unseemly, shameful, disgraceful, base, infamous, scandalous, dishonorable (syn.:

inhonestus, impurus, sordidus, indecorus): pulchrum ornatum turpes mores pejus caeno collinunt,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 133:

verbum,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 19:

cum esset proposita aut fuga turpis aut gloriosa mors,

Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

mors honesta saepe vitam quoque turpem exornat, at vita turpis saepe ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

id. Quint. 15, 49:

adulescentia,

id. Font. 15, 34:

causam,

Auct. Her. 1, 6, 9:

causa,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

luxuria cum omni aetati turpis, tum senectuti foedissima est,

Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123:

si enim disserunt, nihil esse obscenum, nihil turpe dictu,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 1:

neque rogemus res turpes, nec faciamus rogati,

id. Lael. 12, 40:

formido mortis,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 4:

pars ingentem formidine turpi Scandunt equum,

Verg. A. 2, 400:

repulsa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 43:

turpem senectam Degere,

id. C. 1, 31, 19:

adulter,

id. ib. 1, 33, 9:

meretricis amor,

id. S. 1, 4, 111:

non turpis ad te, sed miser confugit,

Cic. Quint. 31, 98; id. Att. 5, 11, 5:

prodis ex judice Dama Turpis,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 55:

sub dominā meretrice turpis,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 25:

Egestas,

Verg. A. 6, 276:

facta,

Quint. 1, 2, 2:

fama,

Tac. A. 12, 49:

nihil turpe est, cujus placet pretium,

Sen. Ep. 95, 33:

luxus,

Juv. 6, 298:

fames,

Flor. 4, 5, 3:

foedus,

Val. Max. 1, 6, 7:

metus,

id. 2, 9, 8.— Comp.:

quid hoc turpius? quid foedius?

Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 86:

quid est autem nequius aut turpius effeminato viro?

id. Tusc. 3, 17, 36:

nihil est turpius quam cum eo bellum gerere, quocum familiariter vixeris,

id. Lael. 21, 77; 26, 99; Caes. B. G. 4, 2.— Sup.:

homo turpissimus atque inhonestissimus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:

iste omnium turpissimus et sordidissimus,

id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

turpissima fuga,

Caes. B. C. 2, 31: turpissimus calumniae quaestus, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 226:

quod quidem mihi videtur esse turpissimum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12.—

b.

As subst.: turpĕ, is, n., a base or shameful thing, a disgrace, shame, reproach:

nec honesto quicquam honestius, nec turpi turpius,

Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75: turpe senex miles, turpe senilis amor. Ov. Am. 1, 9, 4: honesta et turpia virtutis ac malitiae societas efficit, Sen. Ep. 31, 5.— Adv. ( poet. ):

turpe incedere,

in an unsightly manner, unbecomingly, Cat. 42, 8:

gemens,

Stat. Th. 3, 334.—

c.

Turpe est, or simply turpe, with a subj.-clause:

habere quaestui rem publicam, non modo turpe est, sed sceleratum etiam et nefarium,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 77:

quod facere non turpe est, modo, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 35, 127:

benevolentiam adsentando colligere turpe est,

id. Lael. 17, 61:

quid autem turpius quam illudi?

id. ib. 26, 99; cf. id. ib. 21, 77:

turpe erit, ingenium mitius esse feris,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

turpe ducet cedere pari,

Quint. 1, 2, 22.— Hence, adv.: turpĭter, in an ugly or unsightly manner.

1.

Lit. (so rare):

ut turpiter atrum Desinat in piscem mulier formosa superne,

Hor. A. P. 3:

claudicare,

Ov. Am. 2, 17, 20.—

2.

Trop., in an unseemly manner, basely, shamefully, dishonorably (class.):

turpiter et nequiter facere aliquid,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 36;

unum illud extimescebam, ne quid turpiter facerem,

id. Att. 9, 7, 1:

turpiter se in castra recipere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 20:

me turpiter hodie hic dabo,

Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 24; id. Hec. 4, 4, 2; Cic. Att. 6, 3, 9; 7, 2, 7; id. Mil. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 80; id. B. C. 3, 24; Auct. B. G. 8, 13; Hor. A. P. 284; Ov. M. 4, 187; Phaedr. 1, 25, 2; Val. Max. 2, 7, 15.— Comp., Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 13.— Sup., Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; Sen. Ep. 82, 12.